考研英語(yǔ)寫作拿高分的十大要領(lǐng)

    1.題目要認(rèn)清

    絕對(duì)不能提筆就寫,而是應(yīng)該認(rèn)真審題,看清題目的要求和提示,充分利用題目所提供的信息、關(guān)鍵詞所圈定的范圍,在確立主題后再動(dòng)筆。 如 從標(biāo)題 The Misery of Shyness 中得知,考生不但要解釋說(shuō)明 Shyness ,更重要的是要突出由 Shyness 帶來(lái)的Misery 。至此,短文要重點(diǎn)闡述帶來(lái)了什么Misery 。

    2.文體要統(tǒng)一

    正式文體的文章不宜用非正式的語(yǔ)句。有些考生在一篇很正式的議論文中用以下的句子做結(jié)語(yǔ) OK,this is what I want to say.或是That’Smy opinion. Do you agree withme？等等,使文章顯得 不倫不類 。

    3.主題要突出

    標(biāo)題如果是 Pollution from Cars 或 Air Pollution ,以下段落的闡述顯得有些贅述 1 Part of this problem is the world’Sexploding population.2 A growing population undoubtedly means more factories polluting the air.3 Besides, land and water pollution has also increased.4 Pollutionis, in fact, threatening our health, our happiness, and our civilization.尤其是第三句,還有點(diǎn) 跑題 。

    4.文字要連貫

    一篇好文章要注重連貫性。連貫性主要體現(xiàn)在句子與句子、段落與段落的銜接上,這種銜接要通過(guò)過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn),以達(dá)到文章通順,語(yǔ)言流暢。例如 ITis clear that television news can vividly bring into us dramatic events of importance, such as wars, games and soon, but it can not cover important stories in detail they may deserve because of its time limitation. On the contrary, print news excels in its ability to devote as much space to a story as it sees fit, though it can not compete with television visually. Besides, television is essentially a passive medium. suchas, but, becauseof, on the contrary, though, besides 這些過(guò)渡詞把句子從語(yǔ)義上連接起來(lái),形成一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體,讀起來(lái)猶如行云流水,自然酣暢。

    5.內(nèi)容要一致

    要?jiǎng)h除多余的詞語(yǔ),否則,一是破壞了文章的一致性,二是有 湊字?jǐn)?shù) 之嫌。如

    1 Scientists fear that nuclear energy will one day destroyus.2 They say that the explosion of a nuclear bomb can kill millions of people and cause disease and deformity in later generation.3 Because of limited energy resources, scientists are studying the possibilities of nuclear power.4 And any failure from a nuclear plant may cause enormous damage to the affected area5 What’Smore, up to now people have not discovered a safe way to dispose of radioactive wastes.

    本段中的第三句與主題不符,也與第二和第四句不連貫,應(yīng)刪除。

    6.表達(dá)方式要多樣化

    詞、句型使用的多樣化不僅給文章增加了色彩和可讀性,與此同時(shí)也可反映考生的詞匯量和語(yǔ)言掌握的程度等。為避免文章平淡、呆板,可使用不同的句式 強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句、否定句等等。長(zhǎng)短句使用合理相間,用短句表達(dá)有力的結(jié)論,用長(zhǎng)句體現(xiàn)嚴(yán)密的邏輯關(guān)系。考生在舉例說(shuō)明的段落中尤其要注意詞語(yǔ)的多樣性。

    7.考點(diǎn)要覆蓋全

    無(wú)論是什么形式的寫作都有寫作內(nèi)容上的要求,一般為三個(gè)方面。考生在動(dòng)筆前一定要看清寫作內(nèi)容上的要求,以確保文章覆蓋所有考點(diǎn)。

    8.語(yǔ)言要流暢

    評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)已清楚地告訴考生 文章要語(yǔ)言流暢、字句通順、表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確,這是得高分的基礎(chǔ)。

    Last year the public spent two hundred million pounds on pet food alone, to say nothing of animal care bills and furniture.1 It is difficult not to feel resentful about this when one considers what the same amount could do for victims of starvation and poverty,2 and it is not unusual for me to get hot under the collar when I read about another old person who has left all his ／her money to a dog or cat home.

    這兩句在表達(dá)意義上用詞十分到位,隨著兩個(gè) w hen 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句內(nèi)容的遞進(jìn),主句對(duì)表現(xiàn) 氣憤 程度的加強(qiáng)通過(guò)用詞的不同而表達(dá)得淋漓盡致；排比結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)用使觀點(diǎn)更加明確 在1 中 It is difficult not 和 to feel resentful about this 與2 中的 it is not unusual 和 to get hot under the collar 詞語(yǔ)表達(dá)極其準(zhǔn)確。這需要考生在平時(shí)大量閱讀文章時(shí)多注意積累好的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)。

    9.首尾要呼應(yīng)

    上述幾項(xiàng)被閱卷者稱為 閃光點(diǎn) ,即加分的因素。除此而外,更重要的一點(diǎn)是要注意文章的完整性,即首尾要呼應(yīng)。

    10.檢查要到位

    這個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)往往被考生忽略不計(jì),而因?yàn)樯倭诉@個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)所造成的后果真可謂是 功虧一簣 。在閱卷過(guò)程中,時(shí)不時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn) ourself、thinked、the person who are… ,而這些會(huì) 釀成不良后果 的錯(cuò)誤完全可在一兩分鐘的時(shí)間內(nèi)檢查、修改完成。所以,在寫完短文后,要耐心地再讀一遍。