高一英語:上學期期末復習知識要點
Module 1 Unit 1 Friendship
1.add up (把兩個或以上的數或量)加起來 add up to 共計(指加起來總和是)
add … to 把…… 加到……中 add to=increase 增加，增添
2. without + n./ v-ing There is no smoke without fire.
He went out without speaking He slipped into the room without being notice.
by + doing 借助于， 靠
3. upset adj.心煩意亂，不舒服的，不適的 disturbed /sick
vt.vi 使不安，使心煩，打亂，打翻 (upset-upset- upsetting)
nervous (rather afraid) :在事情發展過程中有一種害怕的感覺 à 緊張
anxious(worried): 由于害怕某種事情會發生而感到焦急
upset(rather unhappy):由于某事的發生而感到心煩意亂
4. ignore vt. 不理睬，忽視，對……裝作不知+sb/sth
5. calm down vt. Vi. 平靜下來，使平靜
6. concern vt 涉及n. 關心，關注，(利害)關系
be concerned about/for 關心，掛念
7. reason 理由,動機(explain why it happens or what causes it happen)決定做某事或
采取某一行動的理由，由此而得出結論或解釋, 具有主觀性。(conclusion) + for
cause 原因 (引起某事的后果或起因,usually a bad event ) 具有客觀性 (effect ) + of
8. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.
=While you were walking the dog……
當When, while, before, after, once, if, unless, even if等引導的狀語從句的主語與句子的主語一致時，可將從句的主語和be動詞省去.
While living in England, he picked up some English.
While asked about her family, she began to cry.
9. share vt.分享，分擔 share…in sth (with sb.) share (in) sth among / between sb.
10.…, like your deepest feelings (feeling) and thoughts. like= such as
a feeling of… have a feeling that… .
show much feeling for…(對…的感情，同情，體諒 u.n.)
11.go through vt. ①experience ,經歷，遭受 ②look at carefully,
③finish sth. or complete sth., use up ④ 穿過，通過
12. hide ( hides -- hiding --- hid --- hidden)
hide away + 地點狀語 hide away + 賓語 躲藏，隱藏
hide +賓語 + away
13. set down= write down = put down
14. a series of = a set of一連串的，一系列，一套
Two series of new stamps have come out.
15. crazy adj. be/grow crazy about/of sth.
be crazy to do sth.
16. stay awake (remain / keep)
17. on purpose 故意
for (the) purpose of 為的是; 為了....起見; 為了...的目的
with the purpose of 以(有)......的目的.
18. in order to + do 為了…起見;以便 in order that + 從句
In order to catch the early bus, she got up early.
She got up early so as to/ in order to catch the early bus.
in order not to so as not to
19. dare 情態mod.v dare do(多用于否定句，疑問句，條件狀語從句)
dared do (過去時)
dare not do = daren’t do
eg. I daren’t speak to him. No one dared ask him.
實義vt. dare(s) (to) do
don’t/ doesn’t/ didn’t dare( to) do
eg. he will dare any danger. He didn’t dare( to )go.
20. happen to do sth. 碰巧做…..
21.It is /was the first time(second time…) that … have/had done(時態用完成時)
某人第幾次干某事
22. face to face adv. face-to-face adj.
23. put away把…關起來，收拾，把…放在一邊
24. according to + n./代詞
25. outdoors --- indoors adv. n. outdoor---- indoor adj.
26. get along (well) with sb. = get on with 與…相處，進展
27. fall in love with (表示動作)
be in love with (表示狀態)
28. have got to = have to
29. habit 習慣 have / be in the habit of 有…..的習慣
get into / form the habit of 養成…..的習慣
30. Your friend can’t go until he/she finishes claening the bicycle.
a…..not….until….
b. It is not until he/she finishes claening the bicycle that your friend can go.
c. Not until he/she finishes claening the bicycle can your friend go.
31.There is /was a time when….. 有段時間怎么了….
Module 1 Unit 2 English around the world
1. more than
①more than +數詞= over …. 以上, 超過，多于， ….有余
By then he was more than fifty years old.
②more than + 名詞 不只，不僅僅，超過，遠不止 (not only)
Helen and Mary are more than classmates. They are close friends.
③more than + 動詞 十分， 大大地， 遠遠地，極大地 (much)
He more than smiled; he laughed outright.
What he did more than satisfied me.
④more than + adj./adv. 非常，十分， 更加， 深為 (very)
I’m more than happy to hear that. He is more than selfish.
When I asked them for help, they were more than glad to come.
⑤more than one 名詞單數，后面的謂語動詞用單數 “不止一個，不只一個”
More than one person has known it.
no more than 只是,僅僅，只不過 not more than 至多，最多，不超過
2. in (some important )…way(s) / by…means 在……方面
3.one another = each other 彼此，相互之間
4. include including sth. sth included contain
1)用作及物動詞，意為“ 包括;包含”，不能用于進行時態。
2)include 還可作“ 包含于…里面;算入”講，常與in, on, among 介詞等連用。
5.play a role / part ( in ) 意為“ 在……中擔任角色;在……中起作用”。
take (on) /perform a role 扮演角色 a leading/starting role 主角
6. Because of +sth. / v-ing / what ( n. clause)
Because + 句子
7. nearly 與 almost
(1)兩者通用的場合。a.在肯定句中。 b.修飾all, every, always 等時。
c.在行為動詞的否定式前時。
(2)只用 almost 的場合。
a.和any, no, none, nothing, nobody, nowhere, never 等連用時。
b.和too, more than 等連用時。 c.和表示感覺或心理活動的靜態動詞連用時。
(3)只用nearly的場合。 a.被 very, not, pretty等修飾時。
b.和具體數字連用時(nearly常用)。
8. than ever before 比以往任何時候更……
在比較級結構中，副詞 ever 與比較級和最高級連用，用來加強語氣.
ever在不同句型中的意義： 1)曾經;以前(用于疑問句)
2)無論什么時候都(不)(用語否定句) 3)曾經(用于if 從句)
4)到底;究竟(用于特殊疑問句) 5)永遠;老是(用于肯定句)
9. for example 同類的“一個”，用逗號隔開，可置于句首，句中和句末
such as 只能舉其中一部分，不能全部舉出。
10. come up 上來, 走近; 被提出; 發芽; 升起
11.(1) even if ( = even though ): in spite of the fact; no matter whether 即使;盡管
是連詞詞組，用來引導讓步狀語從句;若主、從句皆表示將來情況，從句中可用一般現在時代替將來時。
(2) even if 從句所說的不那么肯定。 even though 從句是事實。
12. So why has English changed over time? over= throughout / during
13. actually = in fact = as a matter of fact 事實上，實際上
14. base on/upon… 以…為基礎 be based on
15. close v./adj./ close (adv)位置上接近 closely (adv) 抽象關系上的密切
close to 相近, 靠近, 幾乎 be close to 表狀態 get close to表動作
16. in the 1600’s= in the 1600s
17. make (good/full/no/the most/ the best…) use of使用
18. a number of +可數名詞復數 大量的(其后謂語動詞用復數)
the number of +可數名詞復數 …的數目(其后謂語動詞用單數)
The number of the students adds up to 2000 in our school.
只能修飾可數名詞的：a large/ great/ good number of,
a good/ great many, dozens of, scores of, quite a few
只能修飾不可數名詞的：a great deal of, a large amount of,
quite a little, a large sum of
既可修飾可數，不可數名詞的：plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a large quantity of
19. Only time will tell. 時間會證明一切 tell 知道, 判斷
tell A from B: 區分，分別
20.Believe it or not.
21. However, even on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way (that/ in which) people speak.
22. recognize = to know and remember sb/sth. one has seen before. 認出。
從外表上辨認出，指一時性的動作
know表示知道有這個人并認識他，在一定程度上對他有了解，指長久性的動作
I know him, but when I saw him last night, I could hardly recognize him.
Module 1 Unit 3 Travel journal
1. When are you leaving? Where are you staying?
用進行時表將來的動詞: go , come, leave, start, begin, return, stay, play, fly, drive,
sleep, reach, walking, ride, move…
2. dream about = dream of sth /doing sth. dreamed/ dreamt
dream that… realize one’s dream our dream come true
have a dream= dream a dream
3. It was my sister who first had the ides to…..強調句：
It was/is+強調成分+that-/who-分句
① It + be (not) + 強調部分+ that /who + 句子剩余部分
② Be + it + 強調部分+ that /who + 句子剩余部分?
Was it at the end of 2001 that China joined WTO?
③ 特殊疑問詞+ be + it +that /who + 句子剩余部分?
When was it that China joined WTO?
4. .persuade vt.說服; 勸服; vi.被說服
persuade + sb.
sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
sb. that clause
sb. to do sth. = persuade sb. into doing sth.
sb. out of doing sth. = persuade sb. not to do sth
try to persuade sb to do sth. = advise sb to do sth. 說服未成功
5.although, though引導讓步狀語從句不能再和but, and, however連用, 但可以和副詞yet, still連用。although從句多放在句首, though從句可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而且though可以作副詞用于句末，作 “但是，不過”講，而although無此用法。
6. insist : 堅持認為，堅持主張
1) insist on / upon one’s doing sth 堅持做,堅決做
2) insist that +從句堅持說/認為(后表示一個事實), 后接的從句用陳述語氣, 既按需要選擇時態。
3) insist that sb. (should) do sth.堅決主張做某事, 后接的賓語從句常用虛擬語氣
7.properly (adv.) proper (adj.)
finally (adv.) final ( adj)
8. care about : be worried about 憂慮,關心
care for sb/sth : look after, love or like希望, 喜歡, 照顧
9. determine v. 決定, 下定決心, 確定 determined adj. 堅決的, 有決心的
1) determine to do sth.(動作) 2) determine +從句
3) determine +疑問詞+ to do 4) be determined to do sth. 決心做(狀態)
He was determined to do it for a long time.
10.change one’s mind 改變某人的主意
make up one’s mind 下定決心 keep…in mind 記住
11.at an altitude of = at a height of 在海拔……米處 attitude
at 后接年齡, 速度, 長寬深高, 價格, 費用等 “在……處/時, 以……”
at the age of at a high / low price at a depth/width of
at the speed of at the cost of at a distance of
12….the air was would hard to breath….
主語 + be + adj.+ to do sth. 即不定式用主動形式表達被動含義
這類形容詞有surprised, moved, disappointed, pleased, happy, sad, delighted, sorry, interested, glad, worried, etc.
13. give in (to sb./sth.) 屈服于, 讓步, 遞交 give up 放棄, 認輸
give out 筋疲力盡;分配 give away 捐贈, 泄露
14. across / through /over
across表示從一定范圍的一邊到另一邊或事物交叉位置,“橫穿, 橫跨”表面,含
義與on 有關
through 表達兩邊穿過或穿過空間內部, 含義與in 有關
over表示 “越過” 是指越過較高的物體從一側到另一側
The new railway winds its way to Tibet, over mountains through tunnels and across rivers.
15. as usual
16. encourage sb. to do sth. encourage sb in doing sth. encouraged/ encouraging
17. To climb the mountain road was hard work but to go down the hill was great fun. fun fun [U n. ] 玩笑, 樂事, 有趣的事
have fun=enjoy oneself It is much/great fun to do… 做……很有趣
18.change v.“換衣, 更換” change n “零錢”
get changed 換好衣服 change A for B 用A換B
19.make camp 扎營, 宿營 go camping 去露營, 去野營
① make +n.+ n. 使…… ② make +n.+ adj. 使……
③ make +n.+ do sth. 使某人做某事 * 被動式 be made to do sth
④ make +n.+過去分詞
20.put up ① 舉起, 抬起 = raise ② 掛起, 張貼
③ 建造, 搭起 = build ④ 住宿, 留宿
put away 把……收起來, 存放 put back 放回原處
put down 放下, 寫下, 鎮壓 put forward 提出
put off 推遲, 拖延 put out 撲滅, 伸出
put one’s heart to 全神貫注于 put an end to 使結束
21. so far
22. We can hardly wait to see them!
23. for one thing,……for another,…….首先…，其次…
on the one hand,….. on the other hand…..
24. different adj. difference n. differently adv. differ v.
the difference between A and B
A be different from B.
25. be familiar to sb. (主語是物) 熟悉
be familiar with sth. (主語是人)
Module 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes
1. It is always calm before a strom.
2. right away =at once; in no time; immediately right now : at this very moment
3. rise [raiz] vi. 升起, 起身, 增長, 上升, rose-risen
raise [reiz] vt.升起, 喚起, 提高, 使出現, 飼養, 籌集, 使復活 raised-raised
arise [ ‘raiz] vi. 出現, 發生, 起因于 arose--arisen
4. burst : to come open or fly apart suddenly
burst into + n. burst out + doing
burst into tears/ laughter burst out crying / laughing
5. at an end be at an end
at the end of 用于表示具體事物或場所的場合，它也可以用來表示比喻意;
by the end of 用于表示時間的場合到……結束的時候，用于過去完成時態;
in the end 意思“最后、終于”。
6. cut across 橫穿，跨越 cut in v.插嘴, 插入,
cut off v.切斷, 斷絕, 剝奪繼承權 cut down. v.砍倒, 勝過, 削減, 刪節
cut up v.切碎, 抨擊, 殲滅, 使喪氣 cut out v.切掉, 裁剪出, 取代, 停止
7. lay in ruins lie—lied —lied —lying 說謊
lie—lay —lain —lying 躺, 平放, 展現(開),位于
lay—laid—laid —laying vt. 放置, 鋪設, 布置 vi.下蛋, 打賭
ruin /destroy /damage/ injure
damage指部分“損壞”、“損害”、“破壞”或指使用價值有所降低。N.&V 用作名詞時常與to something 連用。
destroy 只能用作v.,指徹底破壞,以致不可能修復,常作“破壞”、“毀滅”解,也
可以指希望、計劃等打破。
(責任編輯：康彥林)
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